A hub location-routing problem considering simultaneous pickup -delivery under conditions of uncertainty considering environmental parameters

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Industrial Management, NT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Industrial Management, Fi.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

10.22091/jemsc.2026.15740.1369

Abstract

In this paper, a new model for the hub location-routing problem is presented, considering simultaneous delivery and collection operations under uncertainty. The model aims to minimize three main indicators: the total cost of the supply chain network, the maximum travel time of vehicles, and the total greenhouse gas emissions. To control uncertain parameters such as cost, time, and transportation demand, a two-level probabilistic programming approach is used. The proposed model determines the optimal location of hubs and the optimal route of vehicles for simultaneous delivery and collection of goods. The results of the LP-metric method show that there is a trade-off between the model objectives, so that by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and travel time, the total network cost increases. To solve the model in larger dimensions, two meta-heuristic algorithm MOIWO and MOALO, have been used. The results show that the MOALO algorithm performs better than MOIWO in terms of efficiency and computing time, and the relative difference in its results with the LP-metric method is less than three percent.

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Journal of Engineering Management and Soft Computing

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 17 September 2026

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