Mathematical modeling for the distribution of relief items under uncertainty to control vehicle costs and downtime

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Industrial Management, AK.C., Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran

2 Department of Industrial Engineering, AK.C., Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran

3 Department of Accounting, AK.C., Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran

10.22091/jemsc.2026.15874.1376

Abstract

This research focuses on designing a mathematical model for the location and routing of humanitarian aid distribution in humanitarian organizations, developed under conditions of uncertainty and with an approach to control costs and vehicle downtime. The goal of this research is to optimize the distribution process of essential items by providing a multi-objective model that simultaneously determines optimal locations and suitable distribution routes by controlling costs and time. To solve the model, the Epsilon Constraint (EC) method and the NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm were used. The results show that the proposed model can select the shortest routes, minimize logistical costs, and optimally allocate vehicles according to their type to each destination. The model's validity was examined through a case study, and the results were compared with existing designs, demonstrating that the proposed model's performance is superior to current approaches. Overall, this research provides decision-makers with a scientific and data-driven tool to develop more effective disaster response strategies by reducing costs and optimizing resources.

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Journal of Engineering Management and Soft Computing

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 01 October 2026

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